Repair, or prevent further damage
Hair is not living tissue, which is the uncomfortable fact behind most repair claims. Once the cuticle is chipped away by bleach, heat or friction, it does not regenerate. What good products do is fill and seal the damage so hair behaves like healthy hair, feels smoother, reflects light and resists breaking, for as long as you keep using them.
That makes the split worth understanding. Protein treatments temporarily rebuild structure in hair that has gone limp and mushy. Moisture treatments soften hair that has gone brittle and straw-like. Using the wrong one makes things worse, and overloading on protein is a common way to end up with snapping hair. Bond builders are the newer category that genuinely reconnects broken links inside the strand. The reviews below sort products by which problem they solve.